![]() ![]() As large animals such as mammoths became extinct, native people changed their diet. Several hundred years later, the climate of Minnesota warmed significantly. She had a conch shell from a snail species known as Busycon perversa, which had previously only been known to exist in Florida. Radiocarbon dating places the age of the bones approximately 8000 years ago, approximately 7890 ☗0 BP or near the end of the Eastern Archaic period. The body of an early resident known as " Minnesota Woman" was discovered in 1931 in Otter Tail County. Subsequently, extensive trading networks developed in the region. Some of the earliest evidence of a sustained presence in the area comes from a site known as Bradbury Brook near Mille Lacs Lake which was used around 7500 BC. "Browns Valley Man" was found with tools of the Clovis and Folsom types. The oldest known human remains in Minnesota, dating back about 9,000 years ago, were discovered near Browns Valley in 1933. Native American inhabitation Some of the oldest stone tools found in Minnesota Prehistory The Twin Cities also became a regional center for the arts, with cultural institutions such as the Guthrie Theater, Minnesota Orchestra, and Walker Art Center. After World War II, Minnesota became known for technology, fueled by early computer companies Sperry Rand, Control Data, and Cray. The Great Depression brought layoffs in mining and tension in labor relations, but New Deal programs helped the state. Economic development and social changes led to an expanded role for state government and a population shift from rural areas to cities. New industry came from iron ore, discovered in the north, mined relatively easily from open pits, and shipped to Great Lakes steel mills from the ports at Duluth and Two Harbors. Anthony Falls spurred the growth of Minneapolis, and the innovative milling methods gave it the title of the "milling capital of the world". Railroads attracted immigrants, established the farm economy, and brought goods to market. After the chaos of the American Civil War and the Dakota War of 1862 ended, the state's economy grew when its timber and agriculture resources were developed. Minnesota's legal identity was created as the Minnesota Territory in 1849, and it became the 32nd U.S. They used Saint Anthony Falls to power sawmills in the area that became Minneapolis, while others settled downriver in the area that became Saint Paul. Fort Snelling, built to protect United States territorial interests, brought early settlers to the future state. Europeans moving west during the 19th century drove out most of the Native Americans. Fur traders from France arrived during the 17th century. They preceded the Anishinaabe, the Dakota, and other Native American inhabitants. The earliest known settlers followed herds of large game to the region during the last glacial period. Early economic growth was based on fur trading, logging, milling and farming, and later through railroads and iron mining. state of Minnesota is shaped by its original Native American residents, European exploration and settlement, and the emergence of industries made possible by the state's natural resources. For the quarterly journal of the same name, see Minnesota History (journal).įort Snelling played a pivotal role in Minnesota's history and in the development of nearby Minneapolis and Saint Paul
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